When David Arsenault takes down a worn, leather-bound 19th-century book from a shelf of the Boston Athenaeum, he feels a sense of awe — like he's handling an artifact in a museum.

Portraits of Mass. Rep. Charles Lewis Mitchell, left, and Dr. John V. de Grasse are seen Oct. 9 in a photograph album from the personal collection of anti-slavery activist Harriet Hayden, which was printed in the 1860s, at the Boston Athenaeum.

Many of the half-million books in the library's maze of reading room shelves and stacks were printed before his great-great-grandparents were born. There are fraying copies of Charles Dickens novels, Civil War-era biographies and town genealogies. Everything has a history.

"It almost feels like you shouldn't be able to take the books out of the building, it feels so special," said Arsenault, who visits the institution a few times a week. "You do feel like, and in a lot of ways, you are, in a museum — but it's a museum you get to not feel like you're a visitor in all the time, but really a part of."

The more than 200-year-old institution is one of only about 20 member-supported private libraries in the U.S. dating back to the 18th- and 19th-centuries. Called athenaeums, a Greek word meaning "temple of Athena," the concept predates the traditional public library. These institutions were built by merchants, doctors, writers, lawyers and ministers who wanted to not only create institutions for reading but also space to explore culture and debate.

Many athenaeums still play a vibrant role in their communities. Patrons gather to play games, discuss James Joyce or research family history. Others visit to explore some of the nation's most prized artifacts, such as the largest collection from George Washington's personal library at Mount Vernon at the Boston Athenaeum.

Pedestrians walk past the Boston Athenaeum, one of the oldest independent libraries in the United States, on Oct. 9 in Boston.

In addition to conservation work, institutions acquire and uplift the work of more modern creatives who may have been overlooked. The Boston Athenaeum recently co-debuted an exhibit by painter Allan Rohan Crite, who died in 2007 and depicted the joy of Black life in the city.

One thing binds all athenaeums together: books and people who love them.

"The whole institution is built around housing the books," said Matt Burriesci, executive director of Providence Athenaeum in Rhode Island. "The people who come to this institution really appreciate just holding a book in their hands and reading it the old-fashioned way."

A sculpture of the character Little Nell from Charles Dickens's "The Old Curiosity Shop" is displayed Oct. 9 at the Boston Athenaeum.

Greek inspirations

Providence Athenaeum was built to mimic an imposing Greek temple, and staffers often talk about the joy of watching people enter for the first time.

Visitors climb granite steps and a thick wooden door ushers them into a warm world filled with cozy reading nooks, hidden desks to leave secret messages to fellow patrons and almost every square inch bursting with books.

"It's the actual time capsule of people's reading habits over 200 years," Burriesci said, pointing to a first edition of Little Women, pages and spine proudly showcasing years of being well read.

Bound copies of Alexander Hamilton's papers are displayed Oct. 9 at the Boston Athenaeum.

Many athenaeums are designed to pay tribute to Greek influence and their namesake, the goddess of wisdom. In Boston, a city once dubbed "the Athens of America," visitors to the athenaeum are greeted by a nearly 7-foot-tall bronze statue of Athena Giustiniani.

The building is as much an art museum as it is a library.

"So many libraries were built to be functional — this library was built to inspire," said John Buchtel, the Boston Athenaeum's curator of rare books and head of special collections.

The 12-level building includes five gallery floors where busts of writers and historical figures decorate reading rooms with wooden tables overlooked by book-lined pathways reachable by spiral and hidden staircases.

"We're able to leave many of these things out for people to peruse, and I think people can often get curious about something and just follow their curiosity into things that they didn't even know that they were going to be fascinated by," Boston Athenaeum executive director Leah Rosovsky said.

Guests read and work Oct. 9 in the fifth-floor reading room, designated a "silent space," at the Boston Athenaeum.

Safe havens

When athenaeums were founded, they were exclusive spaces that only people with education and money could access.

Some are now free. Most are open to the public for day passes and tours. Memberships to the Boston Athenaeum can range from $17 to $42 a month per person.

Charlie Grantham, a wedding photographer and aspiring novelist, said she first visited during one of the institution's annual community days, where the public can explore for free. She said she was surprised by how accessible it was and describes the space as "Boston's best kept secret — an oasis in the middle of the city."

Some people visit every day to work remotely, read or socialize, Salem Athenaeum executive director Jean Marie Procious said.

"We do have a loneliness crisis," she said. "And we want to encourage people to come and see us as a space to meet up with others and a safe environment that you're not expected to buy a drink or buy a meal."


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