NEW YORK — Transportation Security Administration officers could get their first full paychecks in more than six weeks as early as Monday after President Donald Trump signed an executive order Friday instructing the Homeland Security secretary to pay them immediately.
But travel experts and labor leaders said the mammoth security lines at some U.S. airports would not disappear overnight and could linger into next week or longer while TSA workers wait for their back pay, airports assess their staffing and Congress remains at odds over funding the Department of Homeland Security.
"Until checks are actually in hands, we might still see some of these staffing issues," Eric Rosen, director of travel content for The Points Guy, a travel information website. "But (the executive order) is a bit of good news, I think, for both TSA officers as well as the flying public. And hopefully, the money starts flowing quickly and people can get back to work."
School districts and colleges across the country have upcoming spring breaks, and travel also picks up around holidays like Passover and Easter.
TSA agents walk through a terminal Friday at Los Angeles International Airport.
Waiting for pay
TSA personnel have worked without pay since Feb. 14, when Department of Homeland Security lapsed due to a dispute in Congress over federal immigration operations.
As the record-long partial government shutdown went on, some of the officers who screen passengers and bags called out of scheduled shifts; several thousand missing work on a given day was enough to cause hourslong wait times and closed express lanes at airports in Houston, Atlanta, New Orleans, New York and elsewhere.
Trump signed the executive order after House Republicans rejected a bill passed by the Senate early Friday that would have funded the TSA , the U.S. Coast Guard and the Federal Emergency Management Agency but not Immigration and Customs Enforcement and Border Patrol.
With monthly bills coming due, many TSA employees are making difficult choices about how to make ends meet.
Caleb Harmon-Marshall, a former TSA officer who runs a travel newsletter called Gate Access, said the officers he speaks with want to receive their full back pay quickly because they are struggling to pay their bills and accumulating debt, as well as late fees and interest charges.
At the same time, Harmon-Marshall said he doesn't think the airport staffing situation will improve significantly until officers can be confident they will keep getting paid and won't have their incomes suspended again due to the lack of agreement in Congress.
"Hopefully, with this executive order, the relief does come," he said. "I think that they just want to know how long, because if it's only for a pay period, that's not enough to bring them back. It has to be an extended pay for them to come back or want to stay there," he said.
Travelers stand in a TSA checkpoint line Friday at Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport.
Travelers worried about getting through security for upcoming flights should plan on longer lines for another week or two, Harmon-Marshall estimated.
"This back and forth about all these decisions changing is confusing the TSA officers, so they're possibly thinking like, 'OK are we getting paid or are we not?'" he said.
The White House said money to pay TSA employees would come from the big tax cut law Trump signed last year, which funneled billions of dollars in extra funds to Homeland Security. The money kept ICE officers paid during the DHS shutdown.
Johnny Jones, secretary-treasurer of the TSA worker division of the American Federation of Government Employees union, said pay for TSA workers starting Monday would be welcome but Congress needs to agree on a bill that will end the DHS shutdown.
"I guess the action is good for the president, but on the flip side, we have a lot of people that don't have anything, and I don't know if this is gonna fix it," Jones said.
TSA officers work at a security checkpoint Friday at George Bush Intercontinental Airport in Houston.
Staffing shortages
Airports that saw passengers standing in screening lines that clogged check-in areas or showing up far too early for their flights will need to decide whether to reopen checkpoints or expedited service lanes they closed or consolidated due to inadequate staffing.
A handful of airports experienced daily TSA officer callout rates of 40%. Nationwide on Thursday, more than 11.8% of the TSA employees on the schedule missed work, the most so far, the department said Friday.
A traveler walks past a display of thank-you notes for TSA agents Friday at Los Angeles International Airport.
Almost 500 of the agency's nearly 50,000 officers quit since the shutdown started, according to DHS. TSA Acting Administrator Ha Nguyen McNeill told lawmakers Wednesday that some of the ones who missed shifts in recent weeks might leave as well.
Hiring is likely to be harder after the personal and public disruptions the shutdown caused, she noted.
"Not only is the shutdown decreasing the number of interested candidates, for those we are able to hire, they are required to complete four to six months of training before they are certified to work at checkpoints," she said.
Messages written for TSA agents are displayed Friday on a board at Los Angeles International Airport.
Aviation security expert Sheldon Jacobson, whose research contributed to the design of TSA PreCheck, said he doesn't think travelers with planned trips need to panic. The 3- and 4-hour wait times in Atlanta, Houston and New Orleans were outliers, he said.
"At a lot of the airports I look at, the delays are pretty typical," he said.
He also noted the number of TSA officers who quit isn't much higher than the normal attrition rate for the job, which is about 8%.
Photos show ICE agents at US airports where the partial government shutdown triggered delays
Passengers wait in a security checkpoint line at George Bush Intercontinental Airport, Wednesday, March 25, 2026, in Houston. (AP Photo/David J. Phillip)
A Federal immigration officer directs passengers through a security checkpoint line at George Bush Intercontinental Airport Wednesday, March 25, 2026, in Houston. (AP Photo/David J. Phillip)
Passengers wait in a security checkpoint line at George Bush Intercontinental Airport Wednesday, March 25, 2026, in Houston. (AP Photo/David J. Phillip)
An airport employee holds a sign at the end of a TSA line, Wednesday, March 25, 2026, at LaGuardia Airport in New York. (AP Photo/Yuki Iwamura)
A traveler speaks to police officers at Los Angeles International Airport on Monday, March 23, 2026, in Los Angeles. (AP Photo/Ethan Swope)
A closed security checkpoint is seen empty at Baltimore/Washington International Thurgood Marshall Airport in Baltimore, Monday, March 23, 2026. (AP Photo/Stephanie Scarbrough)
People arrive to queue in a TSA security line at Terminal A of Newark Liberty International Airport (EWR) in Newark, N.J., Tuesday, March 24, 2026. (AP Photo/Eduardo Munoz Alvarez)
Travelers line up at a TSA checkpoint at George Bush Intercontinental Airport in Houston, Tuesday, March 24, 2026. (AP Photo/Lekan Oyekanmi)
An Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agent works at the baggage check at O'Hare International Airport in Chicago, Tuesday, March 24, 2026. (AP Photo/Nam Y. Huh)
Federal immigration agents are seen at Newark Liberty International Airport, Monday, March 23, 2026, in Newark, N.J. (AP Photo/Angelina Katsanis)
A traveler walks inside a terminal at Los Angeles International Airport on Monday, March 23, 2026, in Los Angeles. (AP Photo/Ethan Swope)
Federal immigration agents are seen at Newark Liberty International Airport, Monday, March 23, 2026, in Newark, N.J. (AP Photo/Angelina Katsanis)
Federal agents step off the inter-terminal subway as they prepare to leave the George Bush Intercontinental Airport and transfer over to Hobby Airport Monday, March 23, 2026, in Houston. (AP Photo/Michael Wyke)
Federal immigration agents peer over railings on the floor above the lines of air travelers progressing to the TSA security checkpoint in Terminal C at the George Bush Intercontinental Airport, Monday, March 23, 2026, in Houston. (AP Photo/Michael Wyke)
Air travelers progress through the long lines for the TSA security checkpoint in Terminal C at the George Bush Intercontinental Airport, Monday, March 23, 2026, in Houston. (AP Photo/Michael Wyke)
Federal immigration agents walk through Terminal 5 at John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) in the Queens borough of New York, Monday, March 23, 2026. (AP Photo/Ryan Murphy)
People wait in long TSA security lines at John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) in the Queens borough of New York, Monday, March 23, 2026. (AP Photo/Ryan Murphy)
Federal immigration agents are seen at the Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, Monday, March 23, 2026, in Atlanta. (AP Photo/Mike Stewart)
Travelers wait in line as several screening lines are closed at Louis Armstrong International Airport in Kenner, La. Monday, March 23, 2026. (David Grunfeld/The New Orleans Advocate via AP)
U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents patrol Louis Armstrong International Airport in Kenner, La., Monday, March 23, 2026. (David Grunfeld/The New Orleans Advocate via AP)
Federal immigration agents are seen at the Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, Monday, March 23, 2026, in Atlanta. (AP Photo/Mike Stewart)
People wait in a TSA line at the John F. Kennedy International Airport, Sunday, March 22, 2026, in New York. (AP Photo/Yuki Iwamura)
Federal immigration agents are seen at the Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, Monday, March 23, 2026, in Atlanta. (AP Photo/Emilie Megnien)
People wait in long TSA security lines at John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) in the Queens borough of New York, Monday, March 23, 2026. (AP Photo/Ryan Murphy)




