PHOENIX β Pima and Maricopa counties are going to get to keep tapping tourists to pay for their sports facilities.
The U.S. Supreme Court on Monday refused to review a ruling by the Arizona Supreme Court that found nothing improper by financing these projects with taxes on car rentals, a levy largely borne by people visiting the state. The justices gave no reason for their decision.
Mondayβs ruling, made on the first day the nationβs high court was back from summer recess, also leaves intact the decision by the Arizona justices that, strictly speaking, a tax on the renting of cars is not a tax on the use of state roads.
That distinction is critical.
The Arizona Constitution spells out that any money raised from fees or taxes related to the registration, operation or use of vehicles on public highways and streets can be used only to build and maintain roads. If the court had found the car-rental tax was a levy on the use of public roads, then it would be illegal to use the money to finance stadiums and other similar facilities.
Mondayβs decision ensures that the state Sports and Tourism Authority continues to benefit from the car-rental tax. The most recent audit shows the tax of 3.5% on vehicles rented in Maricopa County contributes close to $15.6 million of its $51.8 million annual budget.
The biggest share of those dollars β nearly $14 million β goes to paying off the bonds used to construct State Farm Stadium, home of the Arizona Cardinals. There also is $8.3 million for tourism promotion, $5 million for Cactus League and $1.8 million for youth and amateur sports.
In Pima County, the tax is a flat $3.50 per vehicle rental, generating about $1.5 million annually.
Those funds have been used to pay for construction of the Kino Sports Complex. And while there is no longer Cactus League play in Tucson and the debt is being paid off, the county has kept the levy to expand the complex.
In filing suit, attorneys for Sabanβs Rent-A-Car first charged that the levies violated the Commerce Clause of the U.S. Constitution because it was designed to impose a burden on residents of other states that, in general, did not exist for Arizonans.
Arizona Supreme Court Justice Ann Scott Timmer did not dispute that the tax was sold to voters on the premise that it would be visitors who largely would pay for the sports facilities.
But she said that, strictly speaking, it was not discriminatory because the tax also applies to Arizonans who, for whatever reason, also need to rent a vehicle.
The closer question was that issue of the state constitution requiring that the proceeds of any tax raised based on the use of public streets be used only for road construction, maintenance and related purposes.
But Timmer said the majority did not see the car rental fee as a tax on road users.
That drew a skeptical response from Justice Clint Bolick.
βEven public objectives of the highest order, including (apparently) the building of publicly financed stadiums, do not license us to rewrite constitutional text,β he wrote in his dissent.
