PHOENIX — An attorney for Maricopa County asked a judge late Thursday to toss out a lawsuit attacking the use of Sharpies to mark ballots and demanding more public access to the counting process.
Tom Liddy said the county has no problem telling those who believe the felt-tipped pens are causing problems about why election officials chose them to have voters fill in the ovals that mark their choices on ballots. That includes the fact that the ink does not smear and create problems as the ballots are fed through counting machines.
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But Liddy told Judge Margaret Mahoney that the lawsuit filed by attorney Alexander Kolodin would amount to giving public access to actual ballots. That, he said, would compromise the integrity of secret ballots.
Liddy said it just can’t happen. With challengers saying there could be thousands of people who have questions about whether their ballots have been counted, Liddy said there just isn’t the physical space to accommodate all of them.
And there’s something else.
The complaint is from people who say their ballots were rejected when they cast them in person, at voting centers, because of the use of the Sharpie, he said. “That’s just not factually true,” he said. Anyone whose ballot was kicked out is automatically given the option of getting a new one, he said.
Further, Liddy said what challengers appear to want is to view the current counting process. But what is going on now deals only with mail-in ballots — and nothing to do with the ones that were cast at voting centers which already have been counted.
“The requested remedy is impossible,” Liddy said.
But Kolodin said there are legitimate questions about whether the use of felt-tipped pens and whether they result in uncounted ballots — what has been dubbed #SharpieGate on the internet — requires court intervention.
At the very least, Kolodin said he wants the judge to allow members of the general public into offices where ballots are being tabulated. He said that would help answer questions of what happens when Sharpie’s are used and whether these are not automatically tabulated. Representatives of both major parities already monitor the counting process.
Those questions are based on claims by Kolodin that Laurie Aguilera, his client, had her ballot rejected after she used a felt-tipped pen and it bled through the paper. And Kolodin said she was denied a new one.
And Sue Becker of the Public Interest Legal Foundation, who is working with Kolodin, said this could affect thousands of ballots.
They want Mahoney to order a closer look at the whole issue, determine if ballots were being improperly thrown out — and even order that voters be allowed to watch to see if a new ballot is accepted by Maricopa County tallying machines.
Liddy countered that anyone can go online now and watch the counting process, including what happens if the machinery kicks out a ballot due to problems.
He also said there’s no reason for a full blown hearing that could take more than a week. In fact, Liddy argued, that idea that there’s some basis for what Kolodin is alleging undermines public confidence in the voting process.
“The voters have a right to know that the allegations flying around the internet about Sharpies being dropped from black helicopters to cheat people out of votes is fake,” Liddy said.
“It’s not true,” he continued. “But it’s really scaring people.”
Mahoney declined to toss the case immediately. But she wants a quick hearing, given that the county needs to complete its official count within 20 days after the election.
And Sarah Gonski who represents the Arizona Democratic Party, reminded Mahoney that if the county count is delayed, that affects completing the final state tally. And that, in turn, could affect the deadline for the state to name the electors who will vote for president.
County officials have said the pens do not cause problems and that, even if there was a bleed-through, there are procedures to ensure that all votes are counted.
In the meantime, the dispute has spilled over into the political arena.
Assistant Attorney General Michael Catlett, who works for Republican Mark Brnovich, is demanding answers about the practice from Maricopa County Recorder Adrian Fontes.
Fontes has said there isn’t a problem and that the Sharpies were recommended because the ink dries fast and doesn’t gum up counting machines.
The Attorney General’s Office involvement has drawn a sharp response from Bo Dul, the state elections director, who reports to Secretary of State Katie Hobbs, a Democrat. She fired off a letter to Catlett suggesting that his attempt to intercede in this “imagined controversy” and “unfounded conspiracy theory” is only undermining public confidence in the process.
Dul also detailed why the use of Sharpies is not a problem, saying that her boss is hopeful that the Attorney General’s Office “will cease perpetuating a conspiracy theory that undermines the hard work of Arizona’s election administrators, poll workers and voters.”
The case is likely to drag on into the coming week.
Photos: 2020 General Election in Pima County and Arizona
Ballot processing in Pima County
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An election worker stacks ballots to be processed at the Pima County Elections Center, Tucson, Ariz., November 5, 2020.
Ballot processing in Pima County
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An election worker prepares ballots to be fed into her machine as ballot processing continues at the Pima County Elections Center, Tucson, Ariz., November 5, 2020.
Ballot processing in Pima County
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Workers process ballots as the count goes on at the Pima County Elections Center, Tucson, Ariz., November 5, 2020.
Ballot processing in Pima County
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An election worker looks over some ballots being processed at the Pima County Elections Center, Tucson, Ariz., November 5, 2020.
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Election workers continue their work in preparing ballots in order for them to be counted later in the day the Pima County Elections Center on November 5, 2020. Photo by Mamta Popat / Arizona Daily Star
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Deputy Scott Woodworth, left, and Deputy Andrew Conrad of the Pima County Sheriff's Department stand outside of the Pima County Elections Center on November 5, 2020. Due to some gatherings around the country at election offices, deputies are on site to help keep the peace. Photo by Mamta Popat / Arizona Daily Star
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Election workers continue their work in preparing ballots in order for them to be counted later in the day the Pima County Elections Center on November 5, 2020.
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Adrian Gomez, an election worker, feeds ballots into a machine which opens the envelopes automatically in preparation for them to be counted later in the day at the Pima County Elections Center on November 5, 2020. Photo by Mamta Popat / Arizona Daily Star
Ballot processing, Pima County
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An election worker calls a voter to confirm a signature on a ballot at the Pima County Elections Office located at 6550 S Country Club Rd, on Nov. 4, 2020.
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An election worker scans a ballot while doing the first check of the signature while processing ballots at the Pima County Elections Office located at 6550 S Country Club Rd, on Nov. 4, 2020. If the signature matches what the office has on file the ballot will move on to be counted. If the signature does not match it will be moved to a special desk where workers investigate the signature by following up with the voter.
Ballot processing, Pima County
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An election worker scans a ballot while doing the first check of the signature while processing ballots at the Pima County Elections Office located at 6550 S Country Club Rd, on Nov. 4, 2020. If the signature matches what the office has on file the ballot will move on to be counted. If the signature does not match it will be moved to a special desk where workers investigate the signature by following up with the voter.
Election Day, Pima County and Arizona, 2020
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Mark Kelly, right, Democratic candidate for U.S. Senate, waves to supporters along with his wife Gabrielle Giffords, second from right, and daughters, Claire Kelly, far left, and Claudia Kelly, second from left, during an Election Night watch party on November. 3, 2020 at Hotel Congress in downtown Tucson, Ariz.
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The crowd gathers in St. Philip's Plaza for a Republican supporters party on election night, Tucson, Ariz., November 3, 2020.
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Election night wears on as Republican supporters stay up late waiting for numbers at a party held at St. Philip's Plaza, Tucson, Ariz., November 3, 2020.
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Fox News declares Joe Biden the winner over Donald Trump in the state of Arizona behind the night's entertainment, singer Buck Helton, at a Republican supporters' party at St. Philip's Plaza, Tucson, Ariz., November 3, 2020.
Election 2020 Senate Kelly
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Mark Kelly, Democratic candidate for U.S. Senate, speaks during an Election Night gathering at Hotel Congress in downtown Tucson, Ariz. on November 3, 2020.
Election 2020 Senate Kelly
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Mark Kelly, right, Arizona Democratic candidate for U.S. Senate, waves to supporters along with his wife Gabrielle Giffords, second from right, and daughters, Claire Kelly, left, and Claudia Kelly, second from left, during an election night event Tuesday, Nov. 3, 2020 in Tucson, Ariz. (AP Photo/Ross D. Franklin)
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District 10 senate candidate Justine Wadsack moves through the crowd at a Republican supporters party at St. Philip's Plaza, Tucson, Ariz., November 3, 2020.
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Arizona house candidate Brendan Lyons speaks to the Republican party supporters gathered at St. Philip's Plaza, Tucson, Ariz., November 3, 2020.
Election Day, Pima County and Arizona, 2020
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Gabby Saucedo Mercer, candidate for Pima County Board of Supervisors, watches polling numbers roll in at a Republican supporters party at St. Philip's Plaza, Tucson, Ariz., November 3, 2020.
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A woman in the crowd reacts as the first numbers of the night come up on network news showing Joe Biden well ahead of Donald Trump in Arizona during a party for Republican supporters at St. Philip's Plaza, Tucson, Ariz., November 3, 2020.
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The crowd of Republican supporters celebrate as news organizations declare Texas for Donald Trump during an election party at St. Philip's Plaza, Tucson, Ariz., November 3, 2020.
Election Day, Pima County and Arizona, 2020
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Mark Kelly, Democratic candidate for U.S. Senate, speaks during an Election Night gathering at Hotel Congress in downtown Tucson, Ariz. on November 3, 2020.
Election Day, Pima County and Arizona, 2020
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President Trump supporters wave a flag during an election watch party, Tuesday, Nov. 3, 2020, in Chandler, Ariz. (AP Photo/Matt York)
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Maria Miranda waves to drivers as she waves her sign while stumping for 2nd Congressional candidate Brandon Martin outside the polling site at Desert Gardens Presbyterian Church, 10851 E Old Spanish Trail, Tucson, Ariz., November 3, 2020.
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Voters wait in line to cast their ballots at Gideon Missionary Baptist Church, 3085 S. Campbell Ave., in Tucson, Ariz. on Nov. 3, 2020.
Election 2020 Arizona Voting
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A poll worker wearing a face shield and mask checks outside for voters in need of assistance at the polling station at Tucson Arizona Boys Chorus, 5770 E. Pima St., in Tucson, Ariz. on Nov. 3, 2020.
Election 2020 Arizona Voting
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A short line forms outside of the Drexel Heights Community Center, 5220 S San Joaquin Ave., polling place on November 3, 2020.
Election 2020 Arizona Voting
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A voter glances at voting signs while approaching the Donna R. Liggins Neighborhood Center polling place located at 2160 N 6th Avenue, on Nov. 3, 2020.
Election Day, Pima County and Arizona, 2020
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Poll volunteers work the final half hour of the night at the Dusenberry-River Branch Library, one of the voting sites in Tucson, Ariz., November 3, 2020.
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Election Protection Arizona's Chris Griffin sits just outside the exclusion area at the Christ Lutheran Vail Church polling site, Vail, Ariz., November 3, 2020.
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Voters file into the polling site at Christ Lutheran Vail Church, 14600 E. Colossal Cave Rd., as voting takes place across the nation, Vail, Ariz., November 3, 2020.
Election Day, Pima County and Arizona, 2020
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A poll worker gestures a couple of voters inside the Desert Gardens Presbyterian Church, 10851 E Old Spanish Trail, one of polling sites across the area, Tucson, Ariz., November 3, 2020.
Election 2020 Arizona Voting
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Trump supporters greet another arriving Trump supporter arriving outside of the Living Word Bible Church voting station in Phoenix, Ariz., on Election Day, Tuesday, Nov. 3, 2020. (AP Photo/Dario Lopez-MIlls)
Election 2020 Arizona Voting
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Trump supporters greet voters arriving in their cars at the Living Word Bible Church voting station in Phoenix, Ariz., on Election Day, Tuesday, Nov. 3, 2020. (AP Photo/Dario Lopez-MIlls)
Election Day, Pima County and Arizona, 2020
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A line forms outside the polls at Continental Ranch Community Center located at 8881 N Coachline Blvd., on Nov. 3, 2020. According to Poll Marshal Judy Burns, the place had a line zigzagging through the parking lot when doors opened and a steady number of voters throughout the day.
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A line forms outside the polls at Continental Ranch Community Center located at 8881 N Coachline Blvd., on Nov. 3, 2020. According to Poll Marshal Judy Burns, the place had a line zigzagging through the parking lot when doors opened and a steady number of voters throughout the day.
Election Day, Pima County and Arizona, 2020
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Voters put on masks outside the Avra Valley Fire District Station 191 before casting ballots, on Nov. 3, 2020.
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A voter prepares a ballot outside the Avra Valley Fire District Station 191 polling place, on Nov. 3, 2020.
Election 2020 Arizona Voting
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A voter leaves the polling place at Tucson Arizona Boys Chorus, 5770 E. Pima St., in Tucson, Ariz. on Nov. 3, 2020.
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A woman walks towards the Drexel Heights Community Center 5220 S San Joaquin Ave. to cast her vote on November 3, 2020.
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Campaign signs adorn an area just off the property at Drexel Heights Community Center 5220 S San Joaquin Ave. on November 3, 2020.
Election Day, Pima County and Arizona, 2020
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A voter puts on a face covering before entering the Himmel Park Library polling place, on Nov. 3, 2020. Photo by Josh Galemore / Arizona Daily Star
Election Day, Pima County and Arizona, 2020
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A polling worker welcomes a voter to the Himmel Park Library polling place, on Nov. 3, 2020. Photo by Josh Galemore / Arizona Daily Star
Election Day, Pima County and Arizona, 2020
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A voter drops off their ballot on Election Day outside State Farm Stadium early, Tuesday, Nov. 3, 2020, in Glendale, Ariz. (AP Photo/Matt York)
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A voter, November 3, 2020, at the Islamic Center polling place, 12125 E Via Linda, Scottsdale, Arizona.
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Voters wait in line, November 3, 2020, at the Tempe History Museum polling place, 809 E. Southern Ave., Tempe.
Election Day, Pima County and Arizona, 2020
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Voters stand in line outside a polling station, on Election Day, Tuesday, Nov. 3, 2020, in Mesa, Ariz. (AP Photo/Matt York)
Election Day, Pima County and Arizona, 2020
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Voters stand in line outside a polling station, Tuesday, Nov. 3, 2020, in Mesa, Ariz. (AP Photo/Matt York)
Election Day, Pima County and Arizona, 2020
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A school crossing guard stops cars for voters entering a polling station, Tuesday, Nov. 3, 2020, in Phoenix. (AP Photo/Matt York)
Election 2020 Arizona Voting
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A line forms outside the Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Neighborhood Center just over an hour after the polls opened Tuesday morning, Nov. 3, 2020, in Yuma, Ariz. (Randy Hoeft/The Yuma Sun via AP)
Election 2020 Arizona Voting
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Voters arrive at the Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. to cast their vote in the general election early Tuesday morning, Nov. 3, 2020, in Yuma, Ariz. (Randy Hoeft/The Yuma Sun via AP)
Election 2020 Arizona Voting
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A woman walks into the St. Margaret Mary's Church, 801 N Grande Ave. to cast her ballot on November 3, 2020.
Election 2020 Arizona Voting
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An election worker processes early voting ballots at Pima County Elections Center, 6550 S. Country Club Rd., in Tucson, Ariz. on Nov. 3, 2020.
Election 2020 Arizona Voting
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An election worker processes early voting ballots at Pima County Elections Center, 6550 S. Country Club Rd., in Tucson, Ariz. on Nov. 3, 2020.
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The television news network, MSNBC, is projected onto screens at the Mark Kelly Election Night watch party for friends and family at Hotel Congress in downtown Tucson, Ariz. on November 3, 2020. Kelly is the democratic candidate for the U.S. Senate.
Election Day, Pima County and Arizona, 2020
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Chairs are set up on the patio for friends and family at Hotel Congress for the Mark Kelly Election Night watch party in downtown Tucson, Ariz. on November 3, 2020. Kelly is the democratic candidate for the U.S. Senate.
Election Day, Pima County and Arizona, 2020
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The sun begins to set behind a voting sign at Gideon Missionary Baptist Church, 3085 S. Campbell Ave., in Tucson, Ariz. on Nov. 3, 2020.
Election Day, Pima County and Arizona, 2020
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Poll workers check their phones as they wait for voters at a local polling station Tuesday, Nov. 3, 2020 in Tucson, Ariz. (AP Photo/Ross D. Franklin)
Judge throws out lawsuit, finds no fraud or misconduct in Arizona election
UpdatedPHOENIX — A judge tossed out a bid by the head of the Arizona Republican Party to void the election results that awarded the state’s 11 electoral votes to Democrat Joe Biden.
The two days of testimony produced in the case brought by GOP Chairwoman Kelli Ward produced no evidence of fraud or misconduct in how the vote was conducted in Maricopa County, said Maricopa County Superior Court Judge Randall Warner in his Friday ruling.
Warner acknowledged that there were some human errors made when ballots that could not be read by machines due to marks or other problems were duplicated by hand.
But he said that a random sample of those duplicated ballots showed an accuracy rate of 99.45%.
Warner said there was no evidence that the error rate, even if extrapolated to all the 27,869 duplicated ballots, would change the fact that Biden beat President Trump.
The judge also threw out charges that there were illegal votes based on claims that the signatures on the envelopes containing early ballots were not properly compared with those already on file.
He pointed out that a forensic document examiner hired by Ward’s attorney reviewed 100 of those envelopes.
And at best, Warner said, that examiner found six signatures to be “inconclusive,” meaning she could not testify that they were a match to the signature on file.
But the judge said this witness found no signs of forgery.
Finally, Warner said, there was no evidence that the vote count was erroneous. So he issued an order confirming the Arizona election, which Biden won with a 10,457-vote edge over Trump.
Federal court case remains to be heard
Friday’s ruling, however, is not the last word.
Ward, in anticipation of the case going against her, already had announced she plans to seek review by the Arizona Supreme Court.
And a separate lawsuit is playing out in federal court, which includes some of the same claims made here along with allegations of fraud and conspiracy.
That case, set for a hearing Tuesday, also seeks to void the results of the presidential contest.
It includes allegations that the Dominion Software voting equipment used by Maricopa County is unreliable and was programmed to register more votes for Biden than he actually got.
Legislative leaders call for audit but not to change election results
Along the same lines, Senate President Karen Fann and House Speaker Rusty Bowers on Friday called for an independent audit of the software and equipment used by Maricopa County in the just-completed election.
“There have been questions,” Fann said.
But she told Capitol Media Services it is not their intent to use whatever is found to overturn the results of the Nov. 3 election.
In fact, she said nothing in the Republican legislative leaders’ request for the inquiry alleges there are any “irregularities” in the way the election was conducted.
“At the very least, the confidence in our electoral system has been shaken because of a lot of claims and allegations,” Fann said. “So our No. 1 goal is to restore the confidence of our voters.”
Bowers specifically rejected calls by the Trump legal team that the Legislature come into session to void the election results, which were formally certified on Monday.
“The rule of law forbids us to do that,” he said.
In fact, Bowers pointed out, it was the Republican-controlled Legislature that enacted a law three years ago specifically requiring the state’s electors “to cast their votes for the candidates who received the most votes in the official statewide canvass.”
He said that was done because Hillary Clinton had won the popular vote nationwide in 2016 and some lawmakers feared that electors would refuse to cast the state’s 11 electoral votes for Trump, who won Arizona’s race that year.
“As a conservative Republican, I don’t like the results of the presidential election,” Bowers said in a prepared statement. “But I cannot and will not entertain a suggestion that we violate current law to change the outcome of a certified election.”
Photos of the 2020 General Election voting, election night and ballot processing in Pima County, Maricopa County and throughout Arizona.



