Javier Duran, a University of Arizona professor who studies the culture and history of the U.S.-Mexico border region, wants to change mainstream Americaโs perception of the border.
โFor better or worse, the border has become a political tool,โ Duran said, noting some politiciansโ focus on violent crime and calls for militarization of the area.
That kind of framing is pervasive in Arizona.
On Thursday, the Arizona Senate approved $700 million to build a border wall. Earlier in the week, Arizona gubernatorial candidate Kari Lake, who has pledged to act โboldly and aggressively to bring an end to our border crisisโ if elected, likened activity on Arizonaโs southern border to Russiaโs invasion of Ukraine. And earlier this month, Arizona Attorney General Mark Brnovich, who is running for U.S. Senate, said that the โsouthern border is being flooded by cartels and gangs, trafficking people and drugs,โ so he was โdeclaring war on the southern border invasion.โ
But those narratives are one-dimensional and often misaligned with reality, said Duran, who pointed to Santa Cruz County Sheriff David Hathawayโs recent report that crime rates there are lower than the state averages.
โDignify these communitiesโ
โWe need to be able to rethink and reimagine what happens in border spaces and also elevate the stories that remain underground,โ said Duran, who heads the Confluencenter for Creative Inquiry at the UA, an interdisciplinary research institute.
โThe other component is to dignify these communities because many times the portrayal is really negative โ not only in terms of crime, but also that the people who live there are somehow immoral.โ
In reality, the border communities he knows, such as Nogales and Douglas, are far more nuanced than those portrayals. They are made up of people who are going about their daily lives just as they have for generations.
Since 2018, Duran has worked toward capturing the cultural patchwork of Arizona-Sonora border communities through a project called โFronteridades: Nurturing Collaborative Intersections in the U.S.-Mexico Borderlands.โ
So far, it has used $800,000 in grant money from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation to produce about 60 artistic and cultural projects in partnership with local people and organizations.
Now, Fronteridades will be able to do even more. This month, the Mellon foundation awarded Duran and his team at the Confluencenter another $1.5 million to continue and expand its borderlands research, education and storytelling initiatives.
โOne of the main goals of the project is to broaden understanding and inclusivity in the portrayals of the border by centering the stories and representations of activity around borderlands residents and communities,โ he said.
Melissa Brown-Dominguez and Mel Dominguez, who own Galeria Mitotera in South Tucson, are among the many community partners Duran is working with to accomplish that goal. The coupleโs gallery has hosted numerous community events featuring the work of Indigenous and Latinx artists, which is how they connected with Duran a few years ago.
Murals, which Mel Dominguez called โour version of storytelling,โ are one of the mediums they work with the most. And with additional money from this new grant, theyโll be able to expand their reach.
โWhat makes this super exciting to be involved with this grant is bringing up artists from Nogales,โ Dominguez said. โWith all thatโs going on with COVID, and people going outside again now, art and culture are a form of communication. Weโre super excited to not only find and meet these artists from Nogales, but also bring them into the environment here on native land.โ
โHuman rights work through the artsโ
Documenting the culture and contributions of the Indigenous people whose ancestors have lived along what is now known as the Arizona-Sonora border for centuries is one of the Fronteridades projectโs focal points.
Ofelia Zepeda is a professor of linguistics at the UA and author of the only pedagogical textbook on the Tohono Oโodham language. Sheโs also a collaborator with the Oโodham Arts Exchange, which is one of Fronteridadesโ community partners.
The arts exchange, which has already produced photographic essays, poetry and research on people in the region, will use this new funding to support residencies for Indigenous artists working in a variety of mediums such as pottery, painting and weaving.
โThe type of artist weโre looking for is someone who can address the humanistic aspects of the region, not necessarily the political aspects,โ Zepeda said. โThe main point that always gets drowned out is that this region that the border happens to cross is home to not only people, but also wildlife and plant life that has also been disturbed.
โOftentimes those beings donโt have voices, so I would like to think this project helps to give a voice and talk about the impact it has had on the environment and the people who live in that environment.โ
Theatrical performances representing the complex experiences of migrants and asylum-seekers are another medium the grant will support.
Teatro Dignidad is a local theater company and new partner of the Fronteridades project. It will use some of the grant money to create a monument to migrants who have lost their lives as well as to produce three plays, which will be performed in both English and Spanish.
โThe whole purpose is to educate audiences about the issues on the border, but also reframing the narrative where we uplift the voices of migrants. We want to tell those stories from a human rights perspective and in a way that honors our border communities,โ Alba Jaramillo, founder of Teatro Dignidad, said.
โTheater, and all of the arts, have the power to open hearts and minds. Itโs a different form of advocacy, but thatโs our approach โ doing human rights work through the arts.โ